Spanner wrench



1943- E.T. COLLINS ET AL 2,334,069

SPANNER WRENCH Filed June 20, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet l IVNVENTORS Edward TCollins. BY Henry M.MiUec-.

fiwiw ATT RNEY Nov. 9, 1943.

E. T. COLLINS ETAL- SPANNER WRENCH Filed June 20, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS Edward T. Collins.

BY Hen ry M.Mi ller A ORNEY Patented Nov. 9, 1943 SPANNER WRENCH Edward T; Collinsand Henry M. Miller,-,Waterbury, Conn.,,assignors to Scovill Manufacturing Compan Waterbury, Conn, a corporation of Connecticut Application June 1941, Serial No; 398-,862

8'Claims, (Cl. .3 1.50.)

This invention relates to spanner wrenches, and particularly to a wrench designed to accommodate the lug type of sleeve or coupling-nuts such as used in coupling-s for joining together There-are inpieces of fire hose, oil hose, etc.- common use three general types of lug type cou pling nuts, namely the cylindrical sleeve nut having-two diametrically opposed pin lugs such as used in fire hose couplings, the polygonal type of coupling nuts which a'regprincipally octagonal shapedwith relatively wide diametrically opposed lugs, and.also the cylindrical or sleeve coupling with relatively wide diametrically opposed-lugs.-

The principal object of this. invention is the constructionof a simpleand efficient wrench formed in one piece, and designedtoaccommm date several different-sizes of coupling nuts of' like design of the. types. mentioned above...for facilitating the tightening or loosening of the same in couplingunions. v

Aiurther object of this invention is toprovidea wrench of the aboven'ature having means wherein the headend ofthe wrench is held upon] the nut withoutthe need .cithe operatorhaving to manually support, the entireweightof' the same.

A still further object is to provideazwrench having acommon fulcrumtoengag the several sizes-and types of coupling;nutsfonwhichthe wrenchis adapted at. a commonpoint and fur therformed. with a series of 1 independentsec-- tions to accommodate the surfaces of the-different sizes of couplings at a position-:sufficiently removed from; the fulcrum. of" the wrench. to

assure a goodturning grip...

The full nature of thisflinventions along with other objects and: various advantages thereofwill be'more apparent from a consideration of the following description when read in connec-' tion with'the accompanying drawings,in which sizes of the octagonal type of coupling lugnuts shown in dot-and-dash outline, and

Fig. 6 is a viewsimilar to Fig. 5 showing'the head part of the spanner wrench modifiedto accommodate a plurality of the cylindrical or sleeve type of coupling lug nuts.

Referring tothe drawings in which like numerals designate like parts throughout the sev eral views; the numeral l0 indicates a longitudi'nal bar'or operating handle of the Wrench, having a generally curved head partlZ integrally formed at one end thereof and which head part IZterminates in a hooked portion M. The concave edge portion of the head part l2constitutes the working face ofthe wrench and generally is indicated by the numeral 13. The major'portion of the head l2 ispreferably locatedto one side of the longitudinal axis of the-handle l0 and the working face l3 lies entirely toone side 'ofsaid handle axis for convenience in operating the wrench; and for accommodating in a like manner the various sizes of coupling nuts 'for which the wrench is adapted." Thehookedportion I4 'is' provided with a pair of spaced' sidef walls !6 cast integrally on opposite sides thereof and which Walls" in conjunction with the base wall l8 of the hooked portion define a socket 20 opening toward the handle portion of the wrench. The socket is proportioned to accom- Fig. l is a=frontelevational viewof the spanner wrench embodying theinvention; Y

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal end viewof the same looking into the frontpart of the wrench'or'thetop endview according to Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an end View looking into th e wrench from the handle end of the same. Fig; 4'is a sectional view through the hooked end of the wrench taken along the line 4'-4oij Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a-view similar to Fig; l showingprincipally the head portion of the wrench ion a slightly'enlarged scale and illustratingthe manner'in which-it is-usedwith the several different modate the various sizes of lugs 22 forming an f integral and opposed projecting members of their respective coupling nuts 24 as best shown in-dot and-dashoutline inFig. 5., As here shownthe wrench is designed to accommodate theoctagonal lug type coupling nut, but it is to be understood that this wrench can be, properly delineated to accommodate the other types of coupling nuts stated in the preamble of the specificationand as hereinafter will be more fully explained. I,

In order to provide a common pivot-point or fulcrum means about which the. Wrench may be-swu-ng relative to the coupling nut when bring- 7 ing the wrench into operating position, the outer end of thebase wall I8 of the socket 20 joins into the outer adjacent edge of the hooked portion at a relatively sharp angle which is'in thedrawings shown as approximately and it couldbe an angle of less degrees. This point ofmerger of the. Q .base Wall I8 and the outer surface of the hooked portionisconsidered the common fulcrum point of the wrench and is designated by the letter F..

The fulcrum F conveniently. engages into the angle where.v one end of the coupling nut lug 22. merges withthe immediate adjacent fiat of the.

coupling nut 24 and about which point the wrench swings into operating position. It is to be noted that the outer face of the hooked portion lies in a common plane with the free edges of the side walls lli and that this plane is disposed at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the handle It]. By this particular arrangement of the parts to the handle axis it allows the wrench to engage securely and uniformly the several sizes of couplings.

The socket base wall l8 opposite from the fulcrum point F curves outwardly from the socket 20 and gradually merges into the working face l3 of the Wrench, which face iii in turn is broken up into a series of flat stepped sections 26, each of which stepped sections 26 are connected with each other by upwardly off-set planes 28. The outermost plane 28constitutes the inner face of an upstanding lug 30 that defines the outer end of the general working face l3 of the spanner wrench. The stepped sections 26 with their, complementary off-set planes 28 constitute independent surfaces that engage a portion of at least two adjacent angular flats of the nut next to the lug 22 Opposite from the'one that the hooked, portion 14 of the wrench engages for assuring a suitablegrip upon the nut for tuming the same: Furthenthe complementary oflset planes 28 of each stepped section 26 in engaging a portion of the immediate nut flat. adjacent the opposite lug from which the wrench fulcrumsserves as a stopmeans topreclude the wrench from slipping off the nut indcase a force is applied to the, handle axis and toward the headend;

Por -conveniencein storing the wrench when not in use the end of the handle I opposite from the-head part 12 may be provided with an opening ,32 byrneans of which the wrench may be hung upon a hook. r v

The modified form of wrench illustrated in Fig; 6 is identical in all respects to the first form described except that the-working face l3a of the head part l2a is divided into several-independent arcuate surfaces-26a corresponding in a shape to a portion; of the cylindrical shape of the sleeve-type lug nut 24a for which-this wrench V particularly is-adapted. j

It will be further apparent that this wrench is also adaptable to fit thecylindrical or sleeve type 01' coupling; nuts provided with pin lugs of the invention. a v a We claim for our invention: r

l.v In aspanner wrench'adapted to operate on a plurality :of different sizes of lug type coupling nuts of commonde'sign comprising a single piece tool of Q9, longitudinal handle and a generally curved head part at one end of said handle, said headpart having a work face located entirely 'to one side of: the handle axis and continuing into 7 a hooked portion designed to circumvent theends ofithe nut lug tobe engaged and terminating at its extreme end in an angular point adapted to engage snugly into the angle defined by a lug edge and the adjacent surface of each of the different sizes of coupling nuts, the work fa c'e of'said head part formed into a series of. independent surfaces conforming substantially upon p handle, said head part having a work'face lo cated entirely to one side, of the handle axis and continuing into a hooked portion designed to circumvent the ends of the nut lug to be engaged and terminating in a fulcrum point for engaging directly'in the angle defined by one end of the lug and adjacent nut facet, the face of said head part having aseries of independent complementary angular surfaces capacitated to engage two of the adjacent flats of the different sizes of polygonal shaped coupling nuts at least two facets awayfrom the fulcrum point of the wrench, substantially as described.

, 3. In a spanner wrench adapted to operate one plurality of different sizes of lug type coupling I nuts of common design comprising a longitudinal the spirit handle and an integral head member having a, work-face located entirely to oneside of the'hanv a die axis andcontinulng into a hookedportion. saidv l hooked P r on h a lcr point qrm sl engaging each of the coupling nuts of the ent' sizes in the angle where the edge of one lug intersects with the adjaeentsurface ,o: thelcouepling, nut, and a seriescfiindependent surfaces formed in oneedge-ofsaid head member com,

forming to and adapted to engage the correspond ing surface of thedlflerent size coupling nuts at a,

sufficient distance from the engaged lug: of the nut to aflord-a good gripping; action, substantially as described.

4. 'In a spanner wrench adapted to operate on a plurality of different sizes o'f; lu'g typeicoupling nuts of commondesigncomprising a'longltudinal handle and. an'lintegral generally curred heard member having a work f ce d s osed entirely to oneQside of the, handleaxls, said work facecontinuing "into a hooked port on terminating in, a

relatively sharp angular nose constituting a corn;

mon fulcrum designed to engage snug .each'or the'coupling nuts of the different sizes in the an-- gle where one edge ofthe engaged lug intersects with the adJacent surface of said nuts as a means to conveniently swing the wrench thereabout into operating position, the outer face of said hooked portion-disposed at anacute' angle tothe axis of c said handle, and'a seriesfof independent surfaces formed in the work face of'said head and adapted to engage the corresponding. surfaces 'offthedib ferent size nutsupon which the wrench is-adapted to operatasubstantially as described. a

- 5. In aspanner wrench adapted to operate on a plurality ,of difierent sizes of polygonal shaped, lug type: coupling nuts of common design comprising in a relativelysharp angular nose constituting-a common fulcrum designed to engage coupling nuts in the angle where one edge of theengaged I lug intersects with the adjacent surface, thereof as a means to swing conveniently the wrench a thereabout into operating position, the outer face of said hooked portion disposed at an acute angle to the axis; ofsaid handle, and a series of independent complementary angularsurfaces capaci; tated to engage at least two of the adjacent flats of the different sizes of polygonal shaped coupling nuts, substantially as described.

6. In a spanner wrench adapted to operate on a plurality of different sizes and styles of lug type coupling nuts of common design comprising a longitudinal handle and an integral generally curved head member having a work face and terminating in a hooked portion, said hooked portion having a common fulcrum designed to engage snugly the nuts in the angle wherein one edge of the engaged lug intersects into the adjacent surface of the different sizes of said nuts, a pair of spaced walls formed on opposite sides of said hooked portion and defining with the inner surface of said hooked portion a socket adapted to accommodate the lugs of different sizes and styles of coupling nuts and prevent the wrench head from laterally slipping thereofi, the outer face of said hooked portion and the exposed edges of said walls lying in a common plane disposed at an acute angle to the axis of said handle, and a series of independent surfaces formed in the working face of said head member designed to conform to and engage corresponding surfaces of the difierent sizes and styles of nuts upon which the wrench is adapted to operate, substantially as described.

7. In a spanner Wrench adapted to operate upon cylindrical shaped lug type coupling nuts of a plurality of sizes of common design comprising a longitudinal handle and an integral generally curved head member having a work face continuing into a hooked portion designed to circumvent the ends of the nut lug to be engaged, said hooked portion terminating at its extreme end in an angular point adapted to engage snugly in the angledefined by the lug edge and the adjacent surface of each of the different sizes of coupling nuts, and a series of independent arcuate surfaces formed in the work face, removed a distance from the hooked portion and corresponding substantially in shape to a portion of the cylindrical shape of the respective size of coupling nuts that the wrench is designed to operate upon.

8. In a spanner wrench adapted to operate upon cylindrical shaped lug type coupling nuts of a plurality of sizes of common design comprising a longitudinal handle and an integral generally curved head member having a work face continuing into a hooked portion, said hooked portion disposed at an acute angle to the handle axis for the purpose of circumventing the coupling lug and adapted to engage in the angle defined by one edge of the lug with the adjacent coupling surface, and a series of independent arcuate surfaces formed in the work face, removed a distance from the hooked portion with each arcuate surface corresponding to the specific shape of the different sizes of coupling nuts upon which the wrench is adapted to operate.

EDWARD T. COLLINS.

HENRY M. MlLLER. 

